The Million Marker Approved Product List: How We Select Our Non-Toxic Products

by Million Marker

Replacing your old favorite products with new non-toxic products can be a challenging task. We are here to help with our approved products list! Learn more about how we select the products for this list.

The Million Marker Approved Products List helps you to easily identify safe personal care and home products and provides the link to directly purchase them.

 

Why is the Million Marker Approved Product List Needed?

There is no standardized or regulated definition of the word “natural” in personal care products. 

Companies that brand themselves as a green, safe, and healthy alternative can call products “natural,” even if they use synthetic ingredients. 

“Plant-derived” can still mean an ingredient was modified or heavily processed. You may see phrases such as: 

  • Naturally-derived 

  • Plant-based

  • Bio-based 

These describe ingredients that originally came from plants or minerals, but have been processed and/or combined with other ingredients that may be synthetic. 

Thus, it is important to investigate deeper, past these deceptive and unclear descriptions.  

How are the Million Marker products assessed? 

We carefully inspect every ingredient so that you don’t have to. Advertising on products such as “Free of ...” or “Does not contain ...” claims can be misleading. It does not matter so much what is not contained in a product, as what is contained. 

In curating the Approved Products List, we started with the Made Safe and the Environmental Working Group (EWG) Verified Products. However, many of these products often still contain or can be contaminated with allergens, skin irritants, and/or chemicals that can build up in our bodies. 

Thus, we used extremely stringent standards when compiling our own product list. 

We err on the side of caution when evaluating these ingredients. This is because many ingredients lack safety data. 

Because there are so few studies for some of these chemicals, we refer to what is available. This can include case-studies or studies with small sample sizes. 

We update our list according to the newest research and strive to be transparent.

These are the steps we use in compiling and maintaining our list:

  1. We first collected the list of products verified by EWG and MADE SAFE.

  2. We go to each EWG- and MADE SAFE-verified company’s website to search for the products’ full list of ingredients. If the full list of ingredients or packaging information is not available online, we contact the companies directly. If we are unable to obtain the information, we leave the product off the list.

  3. We double-check the EWG- and MADE SAFE-verified products by going through the entire ingredient list to make sure that the product does not contain any chemicals flagged by the EWG, the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics or the Environment Canada Domestic Substance List. We then double-check the literature behind these flagged chemicals to better understand the associated health concerns. 

    Substances with an asterisk indicate “chemicals of concern” and have more information at the end of this article.

  4. Million Marker does not verify any products with one or more of the following substances:

    • 1,4-Dioxane

    • Aluminum

    • Artificial sweeteners (acesulfame, aspartame, saccharin, sucralose)

    • Benzoic acid

    • Benzyl alcohol

    • Bisphenol-A (BPA)

    • Butylated compounds (butylphenyl methylpropional, butylated glycol, butanediol, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and others)

    • Carrageenan

    • Chemical UV filters (avobenzone, benzophenone, oxybenzone, octyl methoxycinnamate/octinoxate, Para-Aminobenzoic Acid/PABA, homosalate and others)

    • Cocamidopropyl betaine

    • Diethanolamine (DEA)

    • Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

    • Ethylhexylglycerin

    • Ethoxylated compounds (polypropylene glycol (PPG); polyethylene glycol (PEG); polysorbate; ingredients that end in -eth, such as laureth, steareth, and ceteareth; and others)

    • Fluoride

    • Formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing preservatives (quaternium-15, diazolidinyl urea, imidazolidinyl urea, DMDM hydantoin and others)

    • Fragrance/Parfum

    • Glycerin from non-vegetable sources

    • Glycol ethers (butoxyethanol, phenoxyethanol, and others)

    • Lavender Oil

    • Methylisothiazolinone

    • Methylchloroisothiazolinone

    • Monoethanolamine (MEA)

    • Parabens (methyl-, isobutyl-, propyl- and others)

    • Paraffins

    • Petroleum jelly/Petrolatum

    • Phthalates (DBP, DEHP, DEP and others)

    • Polyacrylamide

    • Propanediol

    • Propylene glycol (PG)

    • PVC/PVP/VA copolymer

    • Silicones in personal care products (ends in -cone or -siloxane) (dimethicone, cyclopentasiloxane, and others)

    • Sodium benzoate

    • Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate

    • Sorbitol

    • Sulfates (Sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate and others)

    • Tea tree oil

    • Triclosan

    • Triethanolamine (TEA)

  5. If an EWG or MADE SAFE product contained any of these ingredients, they were left off the list. 

  6. After this initial screening, we were left with only a few products that complied with our rigid standards of safety. To find a wider range of options, we examine hundreds of companies to find products that do not contain any of the ingredients listed above. 

Would you like your product featured on our list? We do NOT charge companies. If you have products that adhere to our criteria we would love to know! Please contact us.

*Additional Information about Ingredients of Concern:

1,4-Dioxane - a contaminant created when common ingredients are mixed together. It is not found on ingredient labels. It is considered a probable human carcinogen, toxic to organs and the respiratory system, and a skin irritant. Likely to be present where ingredients like sodium laureth sulfate, PEGs, ceteareth, xynol, and oleth are listed on ingredient labels.1

Aluminum - often used in antiperspirant and aluminum powder. Finely ground particles of aluminum are used as a colorant in some make-ups. Aluminum has been found to impair parathyroid functioning.2

Avobenzone - a UV filter that is classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical.3 It can also break down into bromoform, a substance that can harm the liver, kidneys, and nervous system.4

Benzophenone - a fragrance ingredient that prevents UV light from damaging scents and colors. It is linked to cancer and hormone disruption.5–7

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) - synthetic antioxidants used to extend shelf life. They are carcinogenic, disrupt hormones, and can cause liver damage.8,9

Carrageenan - In 2001 a study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between consumption of carrageenan and colonic ulcerations and gastrointestinal neoplasms. Carrageenan was found to lead to intestinal ulcerations and gastrointestinal neoplasms, bringing the study to advise against widespread use of carrageenan.7 In 2002, a second review was published stating that, in low doses, “carrageenan has not been found to be carcinogenic, and there is no credible evidence supporting a carcinogenic effect.10,11 The current acceptable daily intake (ADI) established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is 75 mg/kg/day, but because of lack of exposure and toxicity data, carrageenan will continue to be evaluated for safety.12

Cocamidopropyl betaine - a synthetic detergent and surfactant that is possibly toxic.13 

Cyclopentasiloxane - a silicone lubricant solvent that cannot biodegrade and is particularly toxic in aerosols.14,15

Dimethicone - the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel considers dimethicone and other silicone polymers to be safe to use in cosmetic formulas because their large molecular weight inhibits absorption into the skin.14 However, these high molecular weight silicones may also contain toxic impurities.16

Ethylhexylglycerin - a potentiating agent often used with the preservative phenoxyethanol. It has been associated with contact dermatitis and skin irritation.17–19

Fluoride - linked to altered brain development and lower IQ in children.20,21

Formaldehyde and (formaldehyde-releasing substances) - an antimicrobial preservative that has been linked to cancer, allergic reactions, brain toxicity.22,23

Glycol ethers - a group of solvents that is often found in paint and can cause reproductive damage.24,25

Homosalate - a chemical used in sunscreens and skin care products with SPF. It is a potential endocrine disruptor.6,26

Lavender Oil - contains plant compounds that mimic or oppose the actions of sex hormones and are potential endocrine disruptors.27,28

Methylisothiazolinone - a preservative that is toxic and causes skin irritation, allergies, and contact dermatitis.29 The EU determined it is not safe for the consumer in any leave-on products.30

MEA/DEA/TEA31 - ethanolamine compounds have been found to be carcinogenic,32 alter sperm functioning,33 and inhibit fetal brain development.34

Octinoxate (Octyl methoxycinnamate) - a sun blocking agent that is a potential hormone disruptor.6,35

Oxybenzone - a sunscreen agent and ultraviolet light absorber linked to hormone disruption.26,6 

Para-Aminobenzoic Acid (PABA) - UVB filters that can alter endocrine activity.6,26

Petroleum jelly - may be contaminated with suspected carcinogens, such as PAHs, if not refined properly.36

Phenoxyethanol - A safety review published by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology in 2019 says that concentrations up to 1% are safe.37 However, phenoxyethanol has also been linked to allergic reactions.38,39 In 2008 the FDA warned consumers against purchasing Mommy’s Bliss Nipple Cream, which contained phenoxyethanol, because it could acutely affect nervous system functioning in infants.40 The link to this FDA press release leads to an “error” page even though the press announcement still exists here.

Polyacrylamide - a stabilizer and binder in lotions. It can break down into acrylamide, which is an accepted carcinogen that has been linked to mammary tumors.41,42

Polyethylene glycol (PEGs) - a silicone thickening agent that can be contaminated with carcinogenic impurities and by-products, such as ethylene oxides and 1,4-dioxane.43

Propylene glycol - a surfactant with evidence of allergic and irritant contact dermatitis as well as systemic cutaneous reactions.44,45

PVP/VA Copolymer - The CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review) states it is not toxic, however Australia’s National Industrial Chemical Notification and Assessment Scheme states that it may contain “residual impurities that are classified as hazardous according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).”46

Saccharin - A study published in 1978 found an association between consumption of high doses of saccharin and the development of bladder cancer, concluding, “Saccharin is carcinogenic for the urinary bladder in rats and mice, and most likely is carcinogenic in human beings.”47

Sodium benzoate - can interfere with reproductive functions when combined with ascorbic acid;48 has also been found to alter the brain with or without ascorbic acid.49

Sodium laureth sulfate - a known irritant that can also be contaminated with the carcinogen 1,4-Dioxane.50,51

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate - A safety assessment of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate states that it is safe to use in cosmetic formulations. However this publications also provides a few caveats to be aware of.52

  1. While sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is “nonirritating and nonsensitizing to animal and human skin,” it can “enhance the penetration of other ingredients through the skin.” Thus, caution should be exercised when using cosmetic products that contain sodium lauroyl sarcosinate in combination with other ingredients whose safety is based on their lack of absorption or where dermal absorption is a concern.

  2. There is not sufficient data to support whether sarcosinates are safe to be used in products that may be inhaled.

Sorbitol - According to the Joint Food and Agriculture Organisation/World Health Organisation Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), sorbitol is safe. An acceptable daily intake (ADI) for sorbitol is “not specified,” which is the safest category in which JECFA can place an ingredient. However, sorbitol can be a risk to people with celiac disease.53

Tea Tree Oil - A possible hormone disruptor. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine concluded that repeated topical exposure to lavender and tea tree oils probably caused early breast growth in the studied subjects.27 

Triclosan - an antibacterial chemical that is toxic and disrupts hormones.54

Works Cited

  1. 1,4-dioxane http://www.safecosmetics.org/get-the-facts/chemicals-of-concern/14-dioxane/ (accessed Apr 20, 2020).

  2. Gonzelez-Suerez, I.; ÁLvarez-Hernendez, D.; Carrillo-Lepez, N.; Naves-Deaz, M.; Luis Fernendez-Marten, J.; Cannata-Andea, J. B. Aluminum Posttranscriptional Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Synthesis: A Role for the Calcium-Sensing Receptor. Kidney International 2005, 68 (6), 2484–2496. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00724.x.

  3. Schreurs, R. H. M. M.; Sonneveld, E.; Jansen, J. H. J.; Seinen, W.; van der Burg, B. Interaction of Polycyclic Musks and UV Filters with the Estrogen Receptor (ER), Androgen Receptor (AR), and Progesterone Receptor (PR) in Reporter Gene Bioassays. Toxicol Sci 2005, 83 (2), 264–272. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfi035.

  4. Wang, C.; Bavcon Kralj, M.; Košmrlj, B.; Yao, J.; Košenina, S.; Polyakova, O. V.; Artaev, V. B.; Lebedev, A. T.; Trebše, P. Stability and Removal of Selected Avobenzone’s Chlorination Products. Chemosphere 2017, 182, 238–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.125.

  5. Benzophenone & Related Compounds http://www.safecosmetics.org/get-the-facts/chemicals-of-concern/benzophenone/ (accessed Apr 20, 2020).

  6. Schlumpf, M.; Cotton, B.; Conscience, M.; Haller, V.; Steinmann, B.; Lichtensteiger, W. In Vitro and in Vivo Estrogenicity of UV Screens. Environ Health Perspect 2001, 109 (3), 239–244.

  7. Buck Louis, G. M.; Kannan, K.; Sapra, K. J.; Maisog, J.; Sundaram, R. Urinary Concentrations of Benzophenone-Type Ultraviolet Radiation Filters and Couples’ Fecundity. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2014, 180 (12), 1168–1175. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwu285.

  8. Jeong, S.-H.; Kim, B.-Y.; Kang, H.-G.; Ku, H.-O.; Cho, J.-H. Effects of Butylated Hydroxyanisole on the Development and Functions of Reproductive System in Rats. Toxicology 2005, 208 (1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.11.014.

  9. Hughes, P. J.; McLellan, H.; Lowes, D. A.; Kahn, S. Z.; Bilmen, J. G.; Tovey, S. C.; Godfrey, R. E.; Michell, R. H.; Kirk, C. J.; Michelangeli, F. Estrogenic Alkylphenols Induce Cell Death by Inhibiting Testis Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Pumps. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2000, 277 (3), 568–574. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2000.3710.

  10. Cohen, S. M.; Ito, N. A Critical Review of the Toxicological Effects of Carrageenan and Processed Eucheuma Seaweed on the Gastrointestinal Tract. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 2002, 32 (5), 413–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/20024091064282.

  11. Tobacman, J. K. Review of Harmful Gastrointestinal Effects of Carrageenan in Animal Experiments. Environ Health Perspect 2001, 109 (10), 983–994.

  12. Younes, M.; Aggett, P.; Aguilar, F.; Crebelli, R.; Filipič, M.; Frutos, M. J.; Galtier, P.; Gott, D.; Gundert‐Remy, U.; Kuhnle, G. G.; Lambré, C.; Leblanc, J.-C.; Lillegaard, I. T.; Moldeus, P.; Mortensen, A.; Oskarsson, A.; Stankovic, I.; Waalkens‐Berendsen, I.; Woutersen, R. A.; Wright, M.; Brimer, L.; Lindtner, O.; Mosesso, P.; Christodoulidou, A.; Ioannidou, S.; Lodi, F.; Dusemund, B. Re-Evaluation of Carrageenan (E 407) and Processed Eucheuma Seaweed (E 407a) as Food Additives. EFSA Journal 201816 (4), e05238. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5238.

  13. Jacob, S. E.; Amini, S. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. Dermatitis 2008, 19 (3), 157–160.

  14. Becker, L. C.; Bergfeld, W. F.; Belsito, D. V.; Hill, R. A.; Klaassen, C. D.; Liebler, D. C.; Marks, J. G.; Shank, R. C.; Slaga, T. J.; Snyder, P. W.; Andersen, F. A. Safety Assessment of Dimethicone Crosspolymers as Used in Cosmetics. Int. J. Toxicol. 2014, 33 (2 suppl), 65S-115S. https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581814524963.

  15. Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). Electronic address: sante-c2-SCCS@ec.europa.eu; Rousselle, D. C. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) - Final Version of the Opinion on Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (Cyclopentasiloxane, D5) in Cosmetic Products. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2017, 83, 117–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.11.016.

  16. Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska, K.; Jamrógiewicz, M.; Szymkowska, K.; Krenczkowska, D. Direct Human Contact with Siloxanes (Silicones) – Safety or Risk Part 1. Characteristics of Siloxanes (Silicones). Front Pharmacol 2016, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00132.

  17. Aerts, O.; Verhulst, L.; Goossens, A. Ethylhexylglycerin: A Low-Risk, but Highly Relevant, Sensitizer in “hypo-Allergenic” Cosmetics. Contact Derm. 2016, 74 (5), 281–288. https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.12546.

  18. Mortz, C. G.; Otkjaer, A.; Andersen, K. E. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Ethylhexylglycerin and Pentylene Glycol. Contact Derm. 2009, 61 (3), 180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01586.x.

  19. Stausbøl-Grøn, B.; Andersen, K. E. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Ethylhexylglycerin in a Cream. Contact Derm. 2007, 57 (3), 193–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01103.x.

  20. Ullah, R.; Zafar, M. S.; Shahani, N. Potential Fluoride Toxicity from Oral Medicaments: A Review. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2017, 20 (8), 841–848. https://doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9104.

  21. Choi, A. L.; Sun, G.; Zhang, Y.; Grandjean, P. Developmental Fluoride Neurotoxicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Environ. Health Perspect. 2012, 120 (10), 1362–1368. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104912.

  22. US EPA, O. Facts About Formaldehyde https://www.epa.gov/formaldehyde/facts-about-formaldehyde (accessed Apr 20, 2020).

  23. de Groot, A. C.; Flyvholm, M.-A.; Lensen, G.; Menné, T.; Coenraads, P.-J. Formaldehyde-Releasers: Relationship to Formaldehyde Contact Allergy. Contact Allergy to Formaldehyde and Inventory of Formaldehyde-Releasers. Contact Derm. 2009, 61 (2), 63–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01582.x.

  24. Hardin, B. D. Reproductive Toxicity of the Glycol Ethers. Toxicology 1983, 27 (2), 91–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(83)90014-8.

  25. Welch, L. S.; Schrader, S. M.; Turner, T. W.; Cullen, M. R. Effects of Exposure to Ethylene Glycol Ethers on Shipyard Painters: II. Male Reproduction. Am. J. Ind. Med. 1988, 14 (5), 509–526. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700140503.

  26. Kunz, P. Y.; Fent, K. Multiple Hormonal Activities of UV Filters and Comparison of in Vivo and in Vitro Estrogenic Activity of Ethyl-4-Aminobenzoate in Fish. Aquatic Toxicology 2006, 79 (4), 305–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.016.

  27. Henley, D. V.; Lipson, N.; Korach, K. S.; Bloch, C. A. Prepubertal Gynecomastia Linked to Lavender and Tea Tree Oils. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007, 356 (5), 479–485. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa064725.

  28. Ramsey, J. T.; Li, Y.; Arao, Y.; Naidu, A.; Coons, L. A.; Diaz, A.; Korach, K. S. Lavender Products Associated With Premature Thelarche and Prepubertal Gynecomastia: Case Reports and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Activities. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2019, 104 (11), 5393–5405. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-01880.

  29. Groot, A. C. de; Weyland, J. W. Kathon CG: A Review. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 1988, 18 (2), 350–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(88)70051-1.

  30. Opinion on Methylisothiazolinone (MI) (P94) Submission III (Sensitisation Only).; European Commission, 2015.

  31. Ethanolamine Compounds (MEA, DEA, TEA And Others) http://www.safecosmetics.org/get-the-facts/chemicals-of-concern/ethanolamine-compounds/ (accessed Apr 20, 2020).

  32. National Toxicology Program, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Triethanolamine (Cas No. 102-71-6) in B6C3F1 Mice (Dermal Studies). Natl Toxicol Program Tech Rep Ser 2004, No. 518, 5–163.

  33. Panchal, S.; Verma, R. J. Effect of Diethanolamine on Testicular Steroidogenesis and Its Amelioration by Curcumin. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction 2016, 5 (2), 128–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjr.2016.01.008.

  34. Craciunescu, C. N.; Wu, R.; Zeisel, S. H. Diethanolamine Alters Neurogenesis and Induces Apoptosis in Fetal Mouse Hippocampus. FASEB J 2006, 20 (10), 1635–1640. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.06-5978com.

  35. Carbone, S.; Szwarcfarb, B.; Reynoso, R.; Ponzo, O. J.; Cardoso, N.; Ale, E.; Moguilevsky, J. A.; Scacchi, P. In Vitro Effect of Octyl – Methoxycinnamate (OMC) on the Release of Gn-RH and Amino Acid Neurotransmitters by Hypothalamus of Adult Rats. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2010, 118 (5), 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1224153.

  36. Petrolatum, petroleum jelly - Safe Cosmetics http://www.safecosmetics.org/get-the-facts/chemicals-of-concern/petrolatum/ (accessed Apr 20, 2020).

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  38. Núñez Orjales, R.; Carballas Vázquez, C.; Carballada González, F.; Boquete París, M. 2-Phenoxyethanol-Induced Contact Urticaria and Anaphylaxis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2010, 20 (4), 354–355.

  39. Chasset, F.; Soria, A.; Moguelet, P.; Mathian, A.; Auger, Y.; Francès, C.; Barete, S. Contact Dermatitis Due to Ultrasound Gel: A Case Report and Published Work Review. J. Dermatol. 2016, 43 (3), 318–320. https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.13066.

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  46. Safety Assessment of Vinylpyrrolidone Polymers as Used in Cosmetics | Cosmetic Ingredient Review https://www.cir-safety.org/supplementaldoc/safety-assessment-vinylpyrrolidone-polymers-used-cosmetics-0 (accessed Apr 20, 2020).

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  48. Kehinde, O. S.; Christianah, O. I.; Oyetunji, O. A. Ascorbic Acid and Sodium Benzoate Synergistically Aggravates Testicular Dysfunction in Adult Wistar Rats. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2018, 10 (1), 39–46.

  49. Noorafshan, A.; Erfanizadeh, M.; Karbalay-Doust, S. Stereological Studies of the Effects of Sodium Benzoate or Ascorbic Acid on Rats’ Cerebellum. Saudi Med J 2014, 35 (12), 1494–1500.

  50. Black, R. E.; Hurley, F. J.; Havery, D. C. Occurrence of 1,4-Dioxane in Cosmetic Raw Materials and Finished Cosmetic Products. J AOAC Int 2001, 84 (3), 666–670.

  51. Robinson, V. C.; Bergfeld, W. F.; Belsito, D. V.; Hill, R. A.; Klaassen, C. D.; Marks, J. G.; Shank, R. C.; Slaga, T. J.; Snyder, P. W.; Alan Andersen, F. Final Report of the Amended Safety Assessment of Sodium Laureth Sulfate and Related Salts of Sulfated Ethoxylated Alcohols. Int. J. Toxicol. 2010, 29 (4 Suppl), 151S-61S. https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581810373151.

  52. Lanigan, R. S. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Cocoyl Sarcosine, Lauroyl Sarcosine, Myristoyl Sarcosine, Oleoyl Sarcosine, Stearoyl Sarcosine, Sodium Cocoyl Sarcosinate, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, Sodium Myristoyl Sarcosinate, Ammonium Cocoyl Sarcosinate, and Ammonium Lauroyl Sarcosinate. Int. J. Toxicol. 2001, 20 Suppl 1, 1–14.

  53. Corazza, G. R.; Strocchi, A.; Rossi, R.; Sirola, D.; Gasbarrini, G. Sorbitol Malabsorption in Normal Volunteers and in Patients with Coeliac Disease. Gut 1988, 29 (1), 44–48. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.29.1.44.

  54. Halden Rolf U.; Lindeman Avery E.; Aiello Allison E.; Andrews David; Arnold William A.; Fair Patricia; Fuoco Rebecca E.; Geer Laura A.; Johnson Paula I.; Lohmann Rainer; McNeill Kristopher; Sacks Victoria P.; Schettler Ted; Weber Roland; Zoeller R. Thomas; Blum Arlene. The Florence Statement on Triclosan and Triclocarban. Environmental Health Perspectives 125 (6), 064501. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1788.

 
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